How The Eye Functions

Eyes are a complicated organ that has an vital purpose. Each eye has a specific role to play in the process of visual perception that enables us to be able to see. Any problem in any area of this complicated system could cause issues in your eyesight.

The eye could be imagined as a digital camera, except that there is no requirement to wait until the picture develops. the light rays that bounce off an object are transformed into a picture that can be seen in real-time.

The iris functions like the diaphragm of cameras to regulate what size the pupil. In situations with lots of light, the iris shrinks pupils size, allowing less light through. In contrast when there is low light the iris allows the pupil expand to let more light to enter the eye.

The lens and cornea are used to focus light rays on special light-sensitive tissues at the rear of the eye, called the retina which is similar to the film used in cameras.

The retina's cells convert sunlight into electric signals transmitted to the brain through the optic nerve to process which allows us to perceive the image.

Eye Anatomy

In the anterior chamber
The anterior chamber a fluid-filled area in side of your eye. It is located between both corneas and Iris.

Aqueous humor
Also called intraocular fluid this clear liquid that is watery is made by the ciliary body. It passes through the pupil to the anterior chamber. The humour of the aqueous is composed of 99.9 percent water, and 0.1 percent sugars protein, vitamins, along with other nutritional elements.

Aqueous humour aids the eye to maintain its pressure and supply nutrition to the internal portion within the eye. It is continuously produced by the ciliary organ, the aqueous humour flows through the trabecular meshwork in the drainage angle to maintain eye pressure at a healthy level.

Choroid
The choroid is a tissue containing blood vessels, which are located between the sclera and retina. The blood supply in this area ensures that the retina as well as the back part of your eye remain properly nourished.

Ailiary body
The ciliary body is located between the iris and the choroid body of the ciliary assists in keeping the lens in place by changing its shape while it's focusing or adapting, and creating aqueous humor.

The muscles of the ciliary body change its shape while focusing and are contracted when looking at near objects, and ease when looking at distant objects. This process is known as accommodation.

Conjunctiva
It's the transparent thin membrane that runs along the lids' insides as well as the cornea's white. It helps keep the eye moist and lubricated and shields it from infection and debris. The conjunctiva also has tiny blood vessels to provide nutrition and oxygen to your eye as well as its lids.

Cornea
The cornea is a curved clear layer that covers an eye's front. it is described as the eyes' 'windscreen'. Light is absorbed by the cornea, and it is bent beams as they travel further into the eyes.

Drainage Angle
It is the area of the eye that is located at the intersection of the cornea and the iris. The water humour drains from the eye through the trabecular meshwork before entering the bloodstream to maintain pressure inside the eye steady. The meshwork is located in the edge of the iris. It is there that it connects with the cornea in a tiny area known in the field of drainage.

Fovea

It is a pit-like structure that is located in the center of the retina. It has the cone-shaped light receptor cells and offers the clearest vision.

Iris
The iris can be described as the colored part of the eye which lies in front of the cornea. Its job is to regulate the quantity of light coming into the eye via altering its size .

Lens
The lens is located directly behind the pupil It is transparent, flexible disc-shaped structure that is which is responsible for focusing light that enters the eye. When light hits the lens it curvatures and focuses the retina in the rear in the back of your eye. The lens can alter its thickness and curvature in order to concentrate on objects at various distances and ensure it is clear and sharp as it could be this procedure is referred to as accommodation.

Macula
The tiny, highly sensitive part of the center retina plays a role in focusing high-quality detail, such as faces and letters.

Optic Disc
The optic disc or the optic nerve head is a circular space on the retina that is where the optic nerve enters the eye.

Optic Nerve
The optic nerve an array of more than 1 million nerve fibers that transmit electrical signals directly from retinas to brain to process.

Posterior chamber
The posterior chamber a part of the eye that lies behind the lens, and just in front of the retina. It is stuffed with vitreous humour, which is a transparent gel.

Pupil
The pupil can be described as the dark circular area that lies in the middle of the iris. It has an actual opening. Once the cornea is cleared the light rays enter the pupil, which then opens and closes depending on the amount of light that enters. The pupil grows when exposed to low light conditions, like at night, but it shrinks smaller when exposed to bright light.

Retina
The retina is an area composed of photosensitizing cells which line the inside of the eye. The retina is composed of two kinds of cells, cones and rods. Rods process light under low-light conditions while cones absorb light in bright conditions and are able to perceive color. Light rays concentrated by the lens and cornea eventually get to the retina. The retina transforms the activity of light rays into an electrical signal that is then transmitted through an optic nerve for processing.

Sclera
The sclera is the white eye's structural tissue and is a continuous part of the cornea clear to on the side of the eyes. The sclera is also extended towards the rear of the eye as well as that is the optical disc. Made up of thick connective tissue it is the support part of the eye's wall and shields the internal structures of the eye.

Tear (lacrimal) Glands
They are tiny glands in the upper eyelid that generate large amounts of tears. They help ensure that the outer surface of our eyes are hydrated and lubricated. They supply oxygen and nutrients to the outer surface of the eye. They also protect the eye from injury and foreign objects and prevent infections. The nasolacrimal duct that runs along the eyelids' inner surface helps remove tears from the eye.

Uvea
The collective name used to describe the eye, the choroid and the ciliary organ.

Humourous and Virtuous
The vitreous humour, also known as the vitreous humour, is transparent, gel-like substance that is found in the anterior chambers of our eyes. It is composed of 99 percent of water, 1% collagen sugars, salts and proteins. While it is mostly water, it is firm and has a jelly-like consistency.

The vitreous humor is situated between the retina and the lens. Contrary to aqueous humour vitreous humour does not move. it's not replenished or removed.

Complete eye care

Vision Eye Institute is the most renowned provider of ophthalmic care in Australia. Our highly-respected team of doctors include general ophthalmologists and specialists in particular specialties or conditions in the eye.

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The information provided on this page is of a general the sense that it is general in. All surgical and medical procedures can have benefits and potential risks. Ask your eye doctor for medical guidance.